1. Biology
1.1. In his Metaphysics, Aristotle states, "All men by nature desire to know. Ex: the delight we take in our senses."
1.1.1. Nature does nothing by chance. we have been given senses to use them to understand the world.
1.1.1.1. In order to engage the problem of knowledge, we must begin with our senses.
2. How our senses differ from other animals
2.1. All forms of life have nutritive, reproductive, and locomotive power.
2.1.1. Animals differ by having the power of sensation and perception.
2.1.1.1. More complex animals have intellectual power(problem solving ability).
2.1.1.1.1. Humans have a special intellectual power called reason: the ability to comprehend universals.
3. Aristotle differs from Plato and Socrates
3.1. Aristotle is a scientific and practical thinker
3.1.1. He does not believe in the world of the forms, but thinks that we can touch everything we can understand.
3.1.1.1. He creates and applies a scientific model to philosophical investigation.
4. Teleogical System
4.1. He believed that everything in this world has causes: things that drive them to be created.
4.1.1. Four causes: Material, Formal, Efficient, Final
4.1.1.1. Material Cause: The material from which the thing is made
4.1.1.2. Formal Cause: The shape or form a thing must take in order to be recognized
4.1.1.3. Efficient Cause: The actual force used to make a thing
4.1.1.4. Final Cause: The ultimate purpose of the thing
5. Where the forms reside
5.1. He believes that the forms lie inside the things themselves
5.1.1. Ex: the form of the oak tree is inside of the acorn
5.1.1.1. Each thing that we see is a part of a technological(goal oriented) system