1. Physical Weathering
1.1. Unloading
1.1.1. erosional stripping of overlying rocks, ultimate removal of overlying weight
1.1.2. Exfoliation: successful removal of outer rock
1.2. Thermal Expansion and Contraction
1.2.1. Granular Disintegration: differential thermal expansion and contraction of individual mineral grains in coarse crystalline rocks
1.3. Freeze-Thaw
1.3.1. frost weathering or ice wedging
1.3.2. water expands and cracks rock
1.4. Salt Crystal Growth
1.4.1. water with dissolved salt evaporates and grows salt crystals that wedge rocks apart
1.5. Hydration
1.5.1. water molecules attach to structure of mineral
1.5.2. minerals expand when hydrated and shrink when dehydrated
2. Chemical Weathering
2.1. Oxidation
2.1.1. chemical union of oxygen atoms with another substance to create a new product
2.1.2. results to reddish color
2.2. Solution and Carbonation
2.2.1. carbon dioxide and water molecules reacting with, and decomposing rocks
2.2.2. most effective on carbonate rocks
2.2.3. carbonic acid
2.3. Hydrolysis
2.3.1. water reacts with rocks
2.3.2. produces clay