ENGLISH (laily kurnia)

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ENGLISH (laily kurnia) by Mind Map: ENGLISH  (laily kurnia)

1. Modal Auxiliary Verb

1.1. Modal auxiliary verbs are part of Auxiliary Verbs. In grammar, a modal auxiliary verb is used specifically to express possibility, ability, necessity, obligation, suggestion, willingness, or permission. Commonly used modal auxiliary verbs include: Can, Could, May, Might, Will, Would, Must, Shall, Should

1.1.1. 1. Can = "Can" is used to express ability, permission or request, and possibility.

1.1.1.1. "Karina can speak English" (ability), "Can I borrow your book?" (permission) "It can be dangerous" (possibility)

1.1.2. 2. Could = is used to express ability in a past situation, often used to express permission politely, and then to express possibility but less certain than can.

1.1.2.1. I could swim when i was 5 years old (ability) Could i use your phone for while (permission) It could rain later, so bring an umbrella (possibility

1.1.3. 3. May = is used to express possibility but more formal than "can", to express permission looks more formal

1.1.3.1. "I may stay here for a while" : (possibility) "May I borrow your pen?" : (permission)

1.1.4. 4. Might = is used to express smaller possibility than "may", to express permission

1.1.4.1. "It might happen to us" (possibility) "Might i know your name?" (permission)

1.1.5. 5. Will = is used to be express future time, willingness, and is used to express a promise

1.1.5.1. "I will definitelly come to your party" (promise) "I will help you for clean up " (willingness) "I will leave at 7 o'clock" (future time)

1.1.6. 6. Would = is used to express desire, preference, and then to express past time

1.1.6.1. "When i was child , I would go to the beach every day" (past time) "Would you prefer like bananas or strawberry?" (preferences) "I would like to have one more pen" (desire)

1.1.7. 7. Must = is generally used to express necesssity and obligation, and then to express prohibition with followed by "not".

1.1.7.1. "I must do my homework tonight" (necessity) "You must wear a helmet" (obligation) "You must not smoke here" (prohibition)

1.1.8. 8. Shall = can be used to express offer and then used to confirmation

1.1.8.1. I shall meet you there in the afternoon (confirmation) "Shall I help you?" (offer)

1.1.9. 9. Should = is used to express recommendation, advise, or obligation.

1.1.9.1. ""You should try this new retaurant" (recommendation) "You lok tired, you should take a rest" (advise) "we should obey our parents" (obligation)

2. Auxiliary Verb

2.1. Auxiliary verb is a helping verb is used to complete the main verb in a sentence and also the function to clarify the main verb. And then this auxiliary verb include: "Be, Do, Have"

2.1.1. "Be" = this auxiliary verb is used to show an ongoing action (continuous tense: present, past, and future tense). And this auxiliary verb is used to form passive sentence

2.1.1.1. Auxiliary verb "be" including: "am, is , are, was, were, been, and being"

2.1.1.1.1. She is reading (present continuous tense) She was working (past continuous tense) I will be sleeping (future continuous tense) The novel was written by him (passive)

2.1.2. "Do" = This auxiliary verb functions to emphasize the main verb and then is used to form negative and interrogative sentences.

2.1.2.1. Auxiliary verb "Do" including: "Do, Does, Did"

2.1.2.1.1. I do enjoy reading books (emphasize) Do you like eat somay?" (interrogative) I do not like coffee (negative)

2.1.3. "Have" = This auxiliary verb is used to form perfect tense.

2.1.3.1. Auxiliary verb "Have" including: "Have, Has, Had"

2.1.3.1.1. I have finished my homework (present perfect) She has gone to the library (present perfect) They had eaten before we arruved (past perfect) I will have finished my project by tomorrow (future perfect)