1. Imperialism
1.1. It consists on the domination of one country over another on the basis of political, economic and technological differences.
1.2. It is important to understand colonialism, which is based on the domination of another territory, recognizing the importance of physical occupation and the imposition of a new culture.
1.2.1. Actors
1.2.1.1. Colonizer
1.2.1.1.1. Power
1.2.1.2. Colonized
1.2.1.2.1. Exploitation
1.2.2. Colonial ruler changed over time while the colonial situation was constant.
1.2.2.1. Example: Philippines was transfer from Spain to the USA.
1.2.3. Colonial studies focused on administrative and political systems, help to manege colonian subjects.
1.2.3.1. Later on, it was understood the importance of deepening the study of relationships in colonial societies.
1.2.3.1.1. Colonial consciousness
1.2.3.1.2. Colonization of personality
2. Culture imperialism
2.1. It means a dominant power imposes aspects of its culture on a society which is weaker or backward.
2.2. More subtle cultural stategies.
2.2.1. Material power
2.2.1.1. Economic
2.2.1.2. Military
2.2.1.3. Technological
2.2.2. Cultural power
2.2.2.1. Collective consciousness - Poweful discourses
2.2.2.2. Hegemony - consent rather than force
2.2.2.2.1. Example: Great Bretain and India
2.3. Critics
2.3.1. Hegemony in relation to colonial power
2.3.2. Nicholas Dirks - Political participation absent in the colonial context.
3. Culture
3.1. It is presented as a central tool of power in imperialism, used to legitimize and perpetuate dominance through hegemonic ideologies and discourses that reinforce the superiority of the dominant group.
3.2. CULTURAL STRATEGIES
3.2.1. Cooptation of local elites and ideological manipulation
3.2.1.1. Imperial dominance
3.2.2. Cultural fusion (syncretism) and Symbolic control
3.2.2.1. Mixing of religious practices
3.2.3. Institutionalization of dominant culture and delegitimation of local values
3.2.3.1. Imposition of imperial values
3.3. AUTHORS
3.3.1. Barbara Bush: Cultural imperialism served to shape both colonized and metropolitan cultures.
3.3.2. Jürgen Osterhammel: Explores how colonial institutions used information and communication as mechanisms of cultural control.
3.3.3. Antonio Gramsci: Introduced the concept of hegemony, relevant to understanding how cultural ideologies determine social consent.
3.3.4. Edward Said: Examines how cultural narratives sustain imperialist power structures.