1. REGULAR VERBS
1.1. add -ed
1.1.1. work - WORKED
1.1.2. start - STARTED
1.1.3. want - WANTED
1.2. ending in silent e : add -d
1.2.1. close - CLOSED
1.2.2. die - DIED
1.3. ending in C + -y : -y > ied
1.3.1. try - TRIED
1.3.2. cry - CRIED
1.4. ending in vowel + -y : -y > -y + ed
1.4.1. play - PLAYED
1.5. ending in stressed vowel + C: double C + -ed
1.5.1. stop - STOPPED
1.6. ending in -el : double the -l
1.6.1. travel - TRAVELLED
2. QUESTIONS
2.1. (QW) + DID + SUBJECT + Ø - INFINITIVE + REST OF SENTENCE + ?
2.1.1. Did she work there in 1989?
2.1.2. Where did the girl live when she was two?
2.1.3. Who did they talk to last week?
2.1.4. EXCEPTIONS: CAN & TO BE
2.1.4.1. USE THE PAST SIMPLE FORM! DON'T ADD 'DID' !
2.1.4.1.1. Where were your sisters yesterday?
2.1.4.1.2. How could you do that?
2.1.5. Note Question about subject of the sentence: USE PAST SIMPLE FORM, DON'T USE 'DID'
2.1.5.1. Who worked there in 1989?
2.1.5.2. What happened yesterday?
2.1.5.3. Notice the difference
2.1.5.3.1. Who called Jake? = Q about subject
2.1.5.3.2. Who did Jake call? = not a Q about subject
3. IRREGULAR VERBS
3.1. to be - WAS / WERE
3.2. to sing - SANG
3.3. to think - THOUGHT
3.4. YOU HAVE TO STUDY THEM BY HEART!
3.4.1. List on p. 339 - 340
4. NEGATIVES
4.1. DID NOT/ DIDN'T + Ø - infinitive
4.1.1. I didn't go to school yesterday
4.1.2. I did not celebrate my birthday last year.
4.2. EXCEPTIONS: CAN & TO BE
4.2.1. PAST SIMPLE FORM + NOT
4.2.1.1. They weren't home last evening.
4.2.1.2. I was not singing last night.
4.2.1.3. They couldn't open the door.
4.2.1.4. She could not see me.
5. USE
5.1. COMPLETED ACTION IN THE PAST
5.1.1. in 1994
5.1.2. a minute ago
5.1.3. yesterday
5.1.4. ...
5.1.5. ACTION = COMPLETLY OVER
5.2. SERIES OF COMPLETED ACTIONS
5.2.1. Actions that happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, ... in the past
5.3. DURATION IN THE PAST
5.3.1. for an hour
5.3.2. for thirty minutes
5.3.3. for two years
5.3.4. ...
5.3.5. LONGER ACTION IN THE PAST
6. PRONUNCIATION OF -ED
6.1. [t]
6.1.1. verb ends in voiceless sounds: [k, f, p,s, ∫,tʃ, θ]
6.1.1.1. blinked [blɪŋkt]
6.1.1.2. sniffed [snɪft]
6.1.1.3. helped [helpt]
6.2. [d]
6.2.1. verbs ends in voiced sounds
6.2.1.1. loved [lʌvd]
6.2.1.2. begged [bɛgd]
6.3. [ɪd]
6.3.1. verbs ends in [t] or [d] sound
6.3.1.1. waited [weɪtɪd]
6.3.1.2. ended [ɛndɪd]